Differential Evolution (DE) is an optimizatin method developed by Price and Storn in 1995. DE is original proposed as an evolution strategy (ES). It may also be considered as an swarm intelligence (SI) based method.

DE has been implemented into the Cooperative Group Optimization System (CGOS). DEPSO is a effective algorithm to combine the advantages of both DE and PSO.

• Xiao-Feng Xie, Jiming Liu, and Zun-Jing Wang. A cooperative group optimization system. Soft Computing, 18(3): 469-495, 2014.
  

  @Article{xie2014cooperative,
  Title = {A cooperative group optimization system},
  Author = {Xie, Xiao-Feng and Liu, Jiming and Wang, Zun-Jing},
  Journal = {Soft Computing},
  Year = {2014},
  Number = {3},
  Pages = {469--495},
  Volume = {18},
  PDF={http://www.wiomax.com/team/xie/paper/SOCO14.pdf},
  DOI={10.1007/s00500-013-1069-8},
  Publisher = {Springer}
  }

• Xiao-Feng Xie and Jiming Liu. A compact multiagent system based on autonomy oriented computing. In IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology (IAT), pages 38-44, Compiegne, France, 2005. IEEE.
  

  @InProceedings{Xie:2005p1406,
  Title = {A compact multiagent system based on autonomy oriented computing},
  Author = {Xiao-Feng Xie and Jiming Liu},
  Booktitle = {IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology (IAT)},
  Address = {Compiegne, France},
  Year = {2005},
  PDF={http://www.wiomax.com/team/xie/paper/IAT05.pdf},
  DOI={10.1109/IAT.2005.6},
  Pages = {38--44},
  Publisher = {IEEE}
  }

• Xiao-Feng Xie and Wen-Jun Zhang. SWAF: Swarm algorithm framework for numerical optimization. In Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO), pages 238-250, Seattle, WA, USA, 2004. Springer.
  

  @InProceedings{Xie:2004p238,
  Title = {{SWAF}: Swarm algorithm framework for numerical optimization},
  Author = {Xiao-Feng Xie and Wen-Jun Zhang},
  Booktitle = {Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO)},
  Year = {2004},
  PDF={http://www.wiomax.com/team/xie/paper/GECCO04_SWAF.pdf},
  DOI={10.1007/978-3-540-24854-5_21},
  Address = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  Pages = {238--250},
  Publisher = {Springer}
  }

• Xiao-Feng Xie, Wen-Jun Zhang, and De-Chun Bi. Handling equality constraints by adaptive relaxing rule for swarm algorithms. In Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC), pages 2012-2016, Portland, OR, USA, 2004.
  

  @InProceedings{Xie:2004p2012,
  Title = {Handling equality constraints by adaptive relaxing rule for swarm algorithms},
  Author = {Xiao-Feng Xie and Wen-Jun Zhang and De-Chun Bi},
  Year = {2004},
  Pages = {2012--2016},
  Booktitle = {Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)},
  PDF={http://www.wiomax.com/team/xie/paper/CEC04_ECH.pdf},
  DOI={10.1109/CEC.2004.1331143},
  Address = {Portland, OR, USA}
  }

• Wen-Jun Zhang and Xiao-Feng Xie. DEPSO: Hybrid particle swarm with differential evolution operator. In IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, pages 3816-3821, Washington, DC, USA, 2003. IEEE.
  

  @InProceedings{Zhang:2003p3816,
  Title = {{DEPSO}: Hybrid particle swarm with differential evolution operator},
  Author = {Wen-Jun Zhang and Xiao-Feng Xie},
  Booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics},
  Year = {2003},
  PDF={http://www.wiomax.com/team/xie/paper/SMCC03.pdf},
  DOI={10.1109/ICSMC.2003.1244483},
  Code={http://www.wiomax.com/depso},
  Address = {Washington, DC, USA},
  Pages = {3816--3821},
  Publisher = {IEEE}
  }